By Stephen K. Cooper

Law360 (March 23, 2020, 8:28 PM EDT ) Senate lawmakers spent Monday negotiating a package of tax incentives and new spending to stimulate the U.S. economy after Democrats blocked procedural votes on legislation they said primarily reflected GOP priorities to meet the novel coronavirus pandemic facing the nation.

For the second day in a row, the Senate failed to reach the 60 votes necessary to begin debate on the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, or H.R. 748. Lawmakers remained huddled behind closed doors, working on proposals to ease business taxes, expand unemployment benefits, fund health care services and bolster state relief efforts. 

Sen. John Cornyn, R-Texas, said the wish list of requests has shrunk as Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin met with Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y. Absent an agreement that satisfies all senators and can pass with unanimous consent, the next vote on the legislation will likely take place Wednesday, lawmakers said.

Under the bill, the Internal Revenue Service would send $1,200 payments to individuals or $2,400 payments to couples filing joint tax returns. The payments would be reduced for those with incomes above $75,000 or $150,000 for couples and would be eliminated for those with incomes of more than $99,000 or $198,000 for couples.

The bill also addresses some unintended consequences from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act . It would fix the so-called retail glitch by allowing retailers to immediately write off expenses related to physical improvements instead of depreciating them over the course of 39 years.

Senate Democrats said they oppose the bill because it would provide the U.S. Department of the Treasury with an unaccountable $500 billion "slush fund" to address the impact of COVID-19, the illness caused by the coronavirus.

"I don't think our Republicans colleagues would want to give any administration a blank check to spend $500 billion however they want without clear safeguards or some process for accountability," Sen. Chris Van Hollen, D-Md., said.

Negotiations also continued over the limits to expanding unemployment benefits for workers whose jobs are furloughed or lost because of government actions to stem the spread of the virus. Lawmakers were getting close on issues such as unemployment insurance for gig workers, Van Hollen said, and also on providing payroll funding for small businesses facing lost sales.

During a press briefing at the White House, Vice President Mike Pence said he and President Donald Trump have encouraged governors to pressure their members of Congress to quickly move the bill and put $3,000 into the hands of a family of four. Pence also touted payroll subsidies to keep people on the payroll even if forced to stay home, as well as unemployment insurance and assistance to industries.

Speaking with Neil Cavuto on Fox News Channel, Senate Finance Committee Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, disputed accusations by Democrats that the legislation would bail out corporations at the expense of working Americans. He maintained that unless the legislation helps airlines survive, then travel will come to a halt and thousands of people would lose their jobs.

Meanwhile, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., released a coronavirus relief bill that reflects the Democratic Party's priorities, called the Take Responsibility for Workers and Families Act. In remarks to reporters, Pelosi criticized the GOP efforts in the Senate. She said the COVID-19 relief bill should be "worker-oriented, not give away the store to those who might do buybacks, dividends, CEO pay and not honor the responsibilities they have to their workers."

Under the bill, obtained by Law360, the IRS would receive $602 million to postpone the April 15 tax-filing date to July 15 and implement tax credits. The bill would provide premium tax credits for uninsured Americans to enroll in the Affordable Care Act marketplace to receive coverage for the COVID-19 treatment.

Hospitals would receive payroll tax credits to offset the cost of equipment they acquire as well as the charity care they provide to patients suffering from the virus. The earned income tax credit would be expanded to childless workers and the credit would be permanently expanded to Puerto Rico. The legislation would also double the value of the child tax credit and expand it to Puerto Rico as well.

The House bill would also provide that businesses could carry back losses from 2018, 2019 and 2020 for up to five years. Also, net operating losses would temporarily not be subject to a taxable income limitation, meaning they could fully offset income. The bill would provide a refundable tax credit against the employer's share of Social Security taxes for employers who retain their workers.

--Additional reporting by Joshua Rosenberg and Andrew Kragie. Editing by Neil Cohen.

Update: This story has been updated with the release of the Democrats' bill.

Correction: A previous version of this story misnamed the bill. The error has been corrected.

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